DERMATOLOGY

Melasma is a very common clinical condition that results from hyperpigmentation of the face skin. The cause remains uncertain, but it is associated with sun exposure, pregnancy, genetic and vascular factors. It is a chronic and recurrent skin disease that is difficult to treat.

Its treatment involves topical and oral products and procedures, with correct use of sunscreen, acids and whiteners in form of creams. Other available treatments are chemical pellings, skin needling (microneedles) and laser.

Vitiligo is a non-contagious skin disease. Clinically, it presents with achromic (white) spots on the skin, which can also affect the hair. Its origin is not completely explored, but it is related to autoimmunity in some cases. Other theories report that endocrine, genetic and emotional factors may also be associated with the disease. There are topical and systemic treatments, in addition to phototherapy. The response to each type of treatment is individual.

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease with multiple causes which are associated by immunological, genetic and emotional factors. Lesions, which can appear on the skin, nails, scalp and genital region, result in great discomfort and a reduced quality of life for most patients. Therefore, it is essential and necessary to evaluate and reconsider the associated metabolic and joint diseases.
According to the severity of the clinical picture and the impact on quality of life, a decision can be made between topical or systemic treatment (oral medications or immunobiologicals). In recent years, treatments for psoriasis have evolved significantly, with significant improvement in the control of lesions and, especially, in the quality of life of patients.

Acne is a dermatosis of the pilosebaceous follicles that mainly affects the face and neck area. It usually appears during puberty, being influenced by hormonal alteration and may be associated by genetic factors. Its pathophysiology is associated with sebaceous hypersecretion, follicular hyperkeratinization and the presence of bacterias. Treatments, topical and systemic, can be done with topical antibiotics, contraceptives and oral Isotretinoin.

Acne is classified by its severity. And it is based on this classification that it is defined how to treat it. If not treated correctly, acne can develop into severe and remarkable scars.

There is also acne in adult women, which affects women over 25 years of age and may or may not be associated with hyperandrogenism. This situation greatly affects the quality of life of patients, which must be fully evaluated. The assessment includes clinical and laboratory tests, as well as lifestyle analysis. After diagnosis by the dermatologist, treatment with topical and oral medications can be started.